I saw this piece which I consider funny and I thought it wise to share, of course this must have been written by a lady………….
It doesn’t matter how much of a gentleman he has been up until that point: if a man you’re getting to know at a bar, on a date, or online says any of these lines, run —before he breaks your heart, or gives you the overwhelming urge to slap him.
*“I Could Never Date A Woman Who Earns More Than I Do ”
* “I Don’t Find Women Funny”
* “I Ban'ged This One Chick”
* “What Happens In Vegas Stays In Vegas”
* “I Don’t Like To Use C0nd0ms”
* “She Was Such A H*”
* “Because She Was Being silly ”
* “So I Just Stopped Answering Her Calls ”
*“FML, LOL, ROLF”
*“I Got H00kups All Over Town ”
* “My Girlfriend /Wife Just Doesn’t Understand Me ”
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Cholera - including symptoms, treatment and prevention
Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal illness caused by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
The cholera organism is known to be present in some rivers along the eastern Australian coast, but cholera acquired in Australia is very rare. In Australia, because of our high standards of sanitation, water and food quality, cholera outbreaks do not occur. Typically, cholera is seen only in travellers arriving from countries where the disease is still common, such as Africa, Central Europe, Latin America and Asia.
Cholera is a notifiable condition1
How cholera is spread
Infection occurs when the bacteria are taken in by mouth, usually in food or water contaminated by human faeces.
Cholera is spread by:
drinking contaminated water
eating food contaminated by dirty water, soiled hands or flies
eating fish or shellfish from contaminated waters.
The cholera organism can survive for long periods in water and ice.
Signs and symptoms
Infection is often mild, or without any symptoms, but it can be severe.
Symptoms include:
sudden onset of painless, profuse, watery diarrhoea
nausea and vomiting early in the illness
dehydration.
In severe untreated cases, death may occur within hours, but with simple treatment full recovery can be expected.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is suspected on clinical signs and confirmed by growing Vibrio cholerae from a faecal specimen.
Incubation period
(time between becoming infected and developing symptoms)
A few hours to 5 days, usually 2 to 3 days.
Infectious period
(time during which an infected person can infect others)
During the acute stage and for a few days after recovery. However, some people (called 'carriers') who do not have symptoms may still carry the bacteria and be infectious, sometimes for months to years.
Treatment
Anyone who has been in a high-risk region within the previous 5 days and develops severe vomiting and diarrhoea should seek urgent medical assessment.
Although cholera can be life-threatening, it is easily treated by immediate rehydration, that is, replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhoea.
Oral rehydration fluid is recommended. This can be obtained from pharmacies.
Patients with severe dehydration or who are unable to keep oral fluids down require hospitalisation and intravenous fluid replacement.
Antibiotics shorten the duration of the illness and lessen the severity, but they are not as important as rehydration.
Prevention
Exclude people with cholera from childcare, preschool, school and work until there has been no diarrhoea for 24 hours. If working as a food handler in a food business, the exclusion period should be until there has been no diarrhoea or vomiting for 48 hours.
Infants, children and adults with cholera infection should not swim until there has been no diarrhoea for 24 hours.
Follow good hand washing procedures.
Severely ill patients should be isolated in hospital.
People who are less severely ill can be nursed at home. Faeces and vomit can be disposed of into the toilet except in areas where there is not an adequate sewage disposal system.
All linen and articles used by the patient should be washed in hot soapy water and the room thoroughly cleaned when the person has recovered.
Vaccines are available but are recommended only for travellers to high-risk countries. They may not protect against all strains of cholera bacteria and protection is for several months only.
When travelling to high-risk countries, seek advice from a travel medical clinic or an experienced general practitioner on how to protect yourself from cholera and other diarrhoeal illnesses. In particular, drink only water that has been boiled or disinfected with iodine or chlorine tablets. Carbonated bottled drinks are usually safe, if no ice is added.
Good food handling procedures should always be followed, including when travelling.
Contacts (for example, family members) of a case should be observed for 5 days from the date of the last exposure to the infected person. A contact is any person who has been close enough to an infected person to be at risk of having acquired the infection from that person.
What Are Symptoms and Signs of Cholera?
Cholera may be asymptomatic or mild, but 20% develop the classic uncontrollable watery diarrhea, often so severe that the stool of a victim is almost clear and does not stop. The classic appearance is called "rice water stool." Nausea and vomiting also occur, but there is usually little abdominal pain or cramping.
If the victim cannot drink enough fluid and electrolytes to replace the loss, they will die from complications of water-electrolyte imbalance (imbalance of body sodium, potassium, and pH). Extreme loss of water also causes life-threatening low blood pressure and shock ("hypovolemic shock").
Other than severe diarrhea, other signs help determine the level of dehydration and whether shock is present. Early symptoms of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, weakness, and leg cramps, progressing to more advanced symptoms and signs with fast heart rate, drop in blood pressure or fainting upon standing up, and insufficient urine production.
A person who is severely dehydrated may have a sunken appearance to the eyes, loosening of the skin, and weight loss; they may develop sleepiness and be difficult to arouse. These are important signs of impending shock, at which point the person will become unresponsive and may develop mottled purple blotches of the extremities.
What Is the Incubation Period With Cholera?
The incubation period (the time between ingestion of the bacterium and the start of symptoms) is very short, from two hours to five
What Are Treatment Options for Cholera?
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Cholera does not require highly technical treatment, and up to 80% of victims survive if treated with rehydration. An epidemic can be stopped by rehydration of victims and establishing basic sanitation. Rehydration may be accomplished using simple oral rehydration fluid. This may be a product similar to commercial pediatric electrolyte solutions, but an effective oral replacement can be as simple and inexpensive as a solution of clean water with a small amount of sugar and salt. More severe cases of dehydration when a person cannot drink even small sips require IV fluids.
Antibiotic treatment of infected individuals is also used to shorten the course of illness and the duration of shedding of the bacteria in stool. Effective antibiotics against cholera include tetracycline, doxycycline (Vibramycin), sulfa drugs such as trimethoprim (Primsol) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), ciprofloxacin (Cipro), erythromycin (Ery-Tab), and azithromycin (Zithromax).
Education and awareness campaigns in epidemic areas permit early treatment of those infected, as well as establishing local prevention measures.
Vaccination is an important tool in outbreak control. The World Health Organization stocks two oral cholera vaccines (Dukoral and Shanchol) that have been used successfully in mass vaccination campaigns. Mass antibiotic treatment is not used because it does not stop epidemics or the spread of cholera. It also leads to resistance to the antibiotics when they are actually needed.
What Are Complications of Cholera?
The complications of untreated cholera are mainly shock and death from massive fluid loss. Massive electrolyte loss can lead to lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances and seizures.
What Is the Prognosis for Cholera?
Without replacement fluids, cholera is most often lethal in infants, young children, the malnourished, and the elderly. Yet if basic oral hydration and electrolyte replacement is available, the prognosis is good for surviving cholera.
Cholera: Cholera is a highly contagious disease that causes profuse amounts of watery diarrhea, often referred to as "rice water stool." Treatment of cholera involves rehydration and the administration of antibiotics to shorten the course of the disease. There are vaccines that can aid in the prevention of cholera.