In today’s article we are going to present you several recipes for preparation of remedies that will remove the spots from your face. For the preparation you will need completely natural ingredients.
Potato and lemon
Ingredients:
1 potato
juice of ½ lemon
Preparation: first blend the potato and then add the lemon juice and mix well until you get homogenous mixture.
Ingredients:
1 potato
juice of ½ lemon
Preparation: first blend the potato and then add the lemon juice and mix well until you get homogenous mixture.
Use: Apply this home remedy on your face with gentle circular movements. Leave it act for 20 minutes and wash off your face with water.
Potato and onion
Ingredients:
1 potato
½ white onion
Preparation: put the ingredients in a blender and mix until you get homogeneous mixture.
Preparation: put the ingredients in a blender and mix until you get homogeneous mixture.
Use: Apply the resulted mixture on the affected areas of your face. Let it act for 15 minutes and wash your face with water.
Potato and cucumber
You need:
1 potato
½ cucumber
Preparation: put the potato and the cucumber in a blender and mix until the ingredients are united.
½ cucumber
Preparation: put the potato and the cucumber in a blender and mix until the ingredients are united.
Use: with gentle circular movements apply this with on your face. Let it act about 25 minutes and wash off with plenty of water.
Potato and carrot
Ingredients:
1 potato
½ carrot
Preparation: put the potato and carrot in a blender and blend until you get homogenous and smooth paste.
½ carrot
Preparation: put the potato and carrot in a blender and blend until you get homogenous and smooth paste.
Use: apply the resulted mask on your face with gentle movements. Let it act for 20 minutes and wash off with plenty of water.
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Recommendations for the Use of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Cholera
Summary Recommendations
Oral or intravenous hydration is the mainstay of cholera treatment.
In conjunction with hydration, treatment with antibiotics is recommended for severely ill
patients. It is particularly recommended for patients who are severely or moderately
dehydrated and continue to pass a large volume of stool during rehydration treatment.
Antibiotic treatment is also recommended for all patients who are hospitalized.
Antibiotic choices should be informed by local antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
In most countries, Doxycycline is recommended as first-line treatment for adults, while
azithromycin is recommended as first-line treatment for children and pregnant women.
During an epidemic or outbreak, antibiotic susceptibility should be monitored through
regular testing of sample isolates from various geographic areas.
None of the guidelines recommend antibiotics as prophylaxis for cholera prevention, and
all emphasize that antibiotics should be used in conjunction with aggressive hydration.
Education of health care workers, assurance of adequate supplies, and monitoring of
practices are all important for appropriate dispensation of antibiotics.
Background
Mainstay of cholera treatment is hydration
Intravenous 1 and oral 2 hydration are both associated with greatly decreased mortality
and remain the mainstay of treatment for cholera.
Antibiotic effectiveness for the treatment of cholera
Antibiotics have been used as an adjunct to hydration treatment for cholera since 1964.
Findings from randomized controlled trials evaluated the effectiveness of selected
antibiotics on three main outcomes: stool output, duration of diarrhea, and bacterial
shedding.These studies compared outcomes for cholera patients who were given both
intravenous (IV) fluids and antibiotic treatment with those given IV fluids only. Findings
indicate that antibiotics reduced volume of stool output by 8-92%, duration of diarrhea by
50-56%, and duration of positive bacterial culture by 26-83% 3–7.
Antibiotic use for moderately and severely ill patients is also likely to reduce resource
requirements. By decreasing duration of diarrhea and stool volume, antibiotics result in
more rapid recovery and shorter lengths of inpatient stay, both of which contribute to
optimizing resource utilization in an outbreak setting.
The majority of published studies exploring effectiveness of antibiotics for cholera
patients have been done in patients who were adequately rehydrated. In these studies,
there was no mortality and therefore the impact of antibiotics on mortality cannot be
assessed. In the absence of adequate rehydration, antibiotics alone are not sufficient to
prevent cholera mortality.
Antibiotic regimens for the treatment of cholera
Tetracycline has been shown to be effective treatment for cholera 2, 3 and is superior to
furazolidone 8, cholamphenicol 9 and sulfaguanidine 9 in reducing cholera morbidity.
Treatment with a single 300mg dose of doxycycline has shown to be equivalent to
tetracycline treatment 10. Erythromycin is effective for cholera treatment, and
appropriate for children and pregnant women 11. Orfloxacin 12, trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) 13, and ciprofloxacin 14 are effective, but doxycycline offers
advantages related to ease of administration and comparable or superior effectiveness.
Recently, azithromycin has been shown to be more effective than erythromycin and
ciprofloxacin 15, 16 and is an appropriate first line regimen for children and pregnant
women.
Antibiotic resistance
Resistance to tetracycline and other antimicrobial agents among V. cholerae has been
demonstrated in both endemic and epidemic cholera settings. Resistance can be acquired
through the accumulation of selected mutations over time, or the acquisition of genetic
elements such as plasmids, introns, or conjugative elements, which confer rapid spread of
resistance. A likely risk factor for antimicrobial resistance is widespread use of
antibiotics, including mass distribution for prophylaxis in asymptomatic individuals.
Antibiotic resistance emerged in previous epidemics in the context of antibiotic
prophylaxis for household contacts of cholera patients 17, 18.
Unanswered questions
Inadequate information still exists with respect to antibiotics in the following areas:
Effect of antibiotics on secondary transmission:
There are insufficient data examining the effect of antibiotics on secondary transmission
of cholera. However, in published studies to date antibiotics have not been shown to
decrease secondary transmission of cholera within households 19, 20.
Utility of antibiotics when aggressive rehydration is not possible:
Because studies on antibiotic treatment for cholera were conducted in patients who
received adequate rehydration, the effect of antibiotics in settings where this is not
possible remains unclear.
Summary of Antibiotic Treatment Guidelines
Various organizations that participate in cholera responses recommend the use of
antibiotics in cholera-infected patients with moderate or severe illness and who have
begun IV hydration. None of the guidelines recommend antibiotics as prophylaxis for
cholera prevention, and all emphasize that antibiotics should be used in conjunction with
aggressive hydration. In addition, the guidelines recommend that antimicrobial
susceptibility testing should inform local drug choices.